Behavioral Contracting At The Classroom - 2012 Words

Introduction: Behavioral contracting in the classroom can improve a students success in school; with the behavioral contract students are not punished for their bad behavior, but are rewarded for the good behavior. The contract lays out the expected behavior, the behavior that the child should not do, the reward for improving their behavior, and the consequences for failing to improve. This contract should be talked over with the student’s parents; having their support in the process is key. If they are not also implementing the contract then the plan could fall through. Steps and procedures: To begin behavioral contracting a teacher makes a referral, then parents visit the counselor’s office to discuss the plan for correcting the misbehavior. The first step to the plan is defining the behaviors. There is an acceptable behavior and the unacceptable behavior, and this step is crucial to the success of the contracting because pointing out the good behavior, the one the teacher and parents desire to see makes it to where the child has a clear understanding of what is expected of them. A major point to remember during this is positivity, children are more likely to do what is expected (the positive) than to refrain from doing what they are not supposed to do (the negative). Avoid defining the unaccepted behavior as â€Å"do nots† and â€Å"should nots† this can result in the child thinking they have no options, â€Å"If I cannot do this, then what can I do?† (That thought can promote themShow MoreRelatedClassroom Behavior640 W ords   |  3 Pages(1982). Contingency Contracting With Disadvantaged Youths: Improving Classroom Performance, (3), 447-454 Classroom behavior management can be one of the most difficult issues teachers face today. With the variance of personalities in one classroom, it may be difficult for a teacher to stay actively in control of the ever-changing environment. The main question is, how do the new and upcoming educators of the world change the issue of behavior management in our own classrooms? First, think aboutRead MoreI Believe Michael s Compulsive Hand Washing977 Words   |  4 Pages1. I believe Michael s behaviors which were more disturbing were the classroom temper tantrums, the compulsive hand-washing from a fear of contracting AIDS, his symptoms of depression, and his recent violence towards his sister. Classroom temper tantrums are a sign of behavioral problems, as children are taught to behave in public settings such as school. The fear of contracting AIDS leading to Michael s compulsive hand-washing can also be considered disturbing as it could be a sign of early on-setRead More Education Philosophy Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesI would strongly agree that many students learn best by engaging in real-world activities rather than reading. I would strongly agree that schools should prepare students for analyzing and solving the types of problems they will face outside the classroom. I would also strongly agree that people are shaped more by their environment th an by their genetic dispositions or the exercise of their free will. I would agree that material is taught effectively when it is broken down into small parts. I wouldRead MoreAmerica s Public School System918 Words   |  4 Pagesin middle and high schools are distracted from learning by their peers. Students are not the only distractions, teachers are a part of classroom behavioral issues as well. One study suggests that more than 70% of school-aged students who were sent to jail were actually arrested in school. The majority of arrest were for nonviolent acts, disrupting the classroom, and being disrespectful to teachers and peers. It is clear that some teachers play a role in student conflict; Therefore making it impossibleRead MoreBehavior Management Project Essay1759 Words   |  8 Pagesstudent’s classroom behavior but on her class work as well. Most of her daily disruptive behaviors are mild and easily corrected; behaviors observed were tipping backwards in her chair and resuming the behavior soon after being told not to do this, an d talking when the teacher is talking. These behaviors however do not cause major disruptions in the classroom, as the class frequently moves from activity to activity throughout the day. Behaviors issues become more apparent during classroom instructionRead MoreHistory, Mission, And Vision Of The School Essay1082 Words   |  5 Pagesit has adapted to the needs of its students and the community. M. Caterson (personal communication, September 21, 2016) expressed that the mission of the school is to provide the highest quality of services for each child, his/her parents and contracting schools and agencies. Efforts focus on returning children to public schools or other educational settings with the skills and confidence they need to perform well. She also explained that it is the vision that the children who attend the RockRead MoreBehavioral Social Cognitive Views of Learning2981 Words   |  12 PagesIn-charge : Lecturer : Lecture 2: Behavioral Social Cognitive Views of Learning Lecture Highlights: ï‚ § ï‚ § ï‚ § ï‚ § ï‚ § Definitions of Behavioral Learning Theory Classical Conditioning – Pavlov Operant Conditioning - Skinner Trial-and-error Learning / The Law of Effect - Thorndike Social Learning Theory - Bandura I. ï‚ ¨ Behavioral Learning Theories: Explanations of learning that focus on external events as the cause of changes in observable behaviors†¦ the behavioral view generally assumes that the outcomeRead MoreJuveniles1358 Words   |  6 Pagesattitudes surrounding risky sexual behavior and condom use among juveniles involved in the justice system? Quantity and Quality of the Research Literature There is evidence that juveniles involved in the justice system have an elevated risk for contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Infections STIs) due to higher rates of psychopathology, illicit substance use, and lack of exposure to HIV/STI risk-reduction interventions in schools as compared to their non-justiceRead MoreA Case Study for Adhd Students4596 Words   |  19 Pages2010): 1.) Student is referred by a teacher, support staff, parent, physician, or therapist. 2.) 504 plan meeting is held Plan for student is developed Review date is set 3.) Accommodations- A diabetic student may be allowed to eat in the classroom or student may be permitted to go to the office to receive medication 4.) Assignments or testing conditions may be adjusted ( more time, less or modified test questions) Having a student such as Fred in class can be very frustrating, but we asRead More Distance Learning as an Effective Enhancement to the Elementary School Curriculum2000 Words   |  8 PagesDistance Learning as an Effective Enhancement to the Elementary School Curriculum Distance learning does not replace the existing classroom; rather it has proven to be an effective and useful tool in expanding the elementary school curriculum. Distance learning is defined as the â€Å"education for students working at home, with little or no face-to-face with teachers and with material provided remotely, for example through email, television, or correspondence† (Encarta World English Dictionary, 2001)

Hoarding! - 752 Words

IQ An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess intelligence. The abbreviation IQ comes from the German term Intelligenz-Quotient, originally coined by psychologist William Stern. When modern IQ tests are devised, the mean (average) score within an age group is set to 100 and the standard deviation (SD) almost always to 15, although this was not always so historically. Thus, the intention is that approximately 95% of the population scores within two SDs of the mean, i.e. has an IQ between 70 and 130. Intelligence Intelligence has been defined in many different ways including, but not limited to, abstract thought, understanding, self-awareness, communication, reasoning,†¦show more content†¦According to recent studies, Vygotsky is one of the most controversial international scholars and the most popular Russian psychologist in Russia and North America. Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average. It is different from a skill, in that skills are learned or acquired behaviors. Like a talent, intellectual giftedness is usually believed to be an innate, personal aptitude for intellectual activities that cannot be acquired through personal effort. Various ideas about the definition, development, and best ways of identifying intellectual giftedness have been put forward. Intellectual giftedness may be general or specific. For example, an intellectually gifted person may have a striking talent for mathematics, but not have equally strong language skills. When combined with an adequately challenging curriculum and the diligence necessary to acquire and execute many learned skills, intellectual giftedness often produces academic success. There is also artistic or creative giftedness, which may or may not be combined with intellectualShow MoreRelatedAnimal Hoarding Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal hoarding is an obsession that is growing in victims and recognition throughout the world today. The typical animal hoarder has a serious psychological condition called obsessive compulsive disorder. Animal hoarders also may be suffering from different kinds of addictions, delusional disorder, attachment disorder, dementia, and even zoophilia. These people feel they have the responsibility to keep and care for an overabundant amount of animals, thinking that they are helping these creaturesRead MoreAnimal Hoarding Essay1987 Words   |  8 PagesAnimal hoarding is an issue in every division of society around the world (Donaghey 2011). Whether rich or poor, there may still be an animal hoarder living right next door (Donaghey 2011). In some situations there may be obvious signs that a person is a hoarder; however, others live seemingly regular lives to the public eye and the problem is growing. Animal hoarding is a growing problem because of the lack of understanding of the issue and lack of action. The general public has a lack of understandingRead MoreHoarding Research Paper1425 Words   |  6 Pages Hoarding: Buried Alive Until a few years ago, a lady who was known to collect cats would have been called â€Å"the crazy cat lady.† Houses that were filled with endless amounts of stuff were referred to as â€Å"cluttered, filthy, or a pen sty.† As of today, those expressions have been replaced with the coined terms: â€Å"hoarder or compulsive hoarding.† What is hoarding? â€Å"Compulsive hoarding is a specific type of behavior marked by acquiring and failingRead MoreAll About The Hoarding Syndrome1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe Hoarding Syndrome is characterized as the excessive collecting and saving behaviors that result in a cluttered living space and significant distress or impairment (Frost and Hart, 1996).   Hoarding symptoms often begin between the ages of 10-13 (Mackin, Arean, Delucchi, Matthews, 2011) but does not discriminate in terms of age, gender, educational levels, or socioeconomic status (Singh Jones, 2013). However, researchers have found a very strong associatio n between having a family memberRead MoreHoarding: Worldwide Issue Essay1189 Words   |  5 Pagespipes. People with obsessive-compulsive-related disorder, for example hoarding, have to help the public to understand three important key points about compulsive hoarding: understand the facts of hoarding, identify the problems associated with hoarding, and to provide treatment options for hoarders. The first major key point is to understand the facts associated with hoarding. Examples of facts may include defining hoarding, effects, deaths, and reasons why people hoard. The description of a hoarderRead MoreCompulsive Hoarding Outline Essay614 Words   |  3 Pages Compulsive Hoarding Revealed Mikayla Casteel April 30, 2012 I. Definition A. Compulsive hoarding is a common and potentially disabling problem, characterized by the accumulation of excessive clutter, to the point that parts of ones home can no longer be used for their intended purpose B. Compulsive hoarding could be a subtype of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), which is defined as an anxiety disorder characterized by unreasonable thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead to repetitiveRead MoreHoarding Is a Real Disorder Suffered by Real People Essay2403 Words   |  10 PagesMany people know the television shows, Hoarding: Buried Alive, on TLC or Hoarders on AE. These reality TV shows feature hoarders and their families. The crews of the shows follow the hoarder for a few days to study how hoarding affects their daily lives. A professional organizer and a therapist are taken through the house to see what the hoarder collects. The houses are disgusting; many times, there are rodents, cockroaches, stacks of paper and garbage everywhere. The audience is shown interviewsRead MoreCompulsive Hoarding: A Stifled Chaos Essay746 Words   |  3 PagesTamara Hartl, hoarding is medically defined as â€Å"the acquisition of, and inability to discard worthless items e ven though they appear (to others) to have no value† (Defining Compulsive Hoarding). Compulsive hoarding is a devastating disorder that affects an estimated 700,000 to 1.4 million people in the United States (Maidment). Hoarding may appear in a variety of forms, including Clinical Compulsive Hoarding, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or ‘perfectionist’ hoarding, and Animal Hoarding. Clinical CompulsiveRead MoreThe Effects Of Hoarding, Traumatic Events, And Material Deprivation2141 Words   |  9 PagesPertusa, Santo, Singh, and Mataix-Cols, looked to investigate the relationship with hoarding, traumatic events, and material deprivation. This study also attempted to distinguish if OCD was a determining factor in the prevalence of hoarding. This study hypothesized that hoarders (with or without comorbid OCD) would report higher lifetime frequency of traumatic events than individuals with OCD who do not have hoarding tendencies, but no greater levels of material deprivation. Furthermore, this studyRead MoreThe Connection Between the Little Mermaid and Hoarding Essays959 Words   |  4 PagesThe Little Mermaid and her Connection with Hoarding Melissa Legault Abnormal Psychology Anthony Smith April 30, 2013 Most children grow up watching Disney movies. It might be shocking to hear that a Disney princess may suffer from a psychological disorder. In Walt Disney’s movie The Little Mermaid, I think the main character Ariel suffers from disposophbia, also known as hoarding. Obsessive-compulsive disorder/hoarding has always interested me. These people take collecting to an

Physical Therapy for Children Paediatric Physical Therapy

Question: Describe about the Physical Therapy for Children of Paediatric Physical Therapy? Answer: The essential components of the examination and evaluation for the patient are as follows: Developmental and birth history- The patient would be asked questions about the developmental and the stages she has through from the time of birth to understand the complications present in relation to mobility. General health questions- The questions asked would be the duration of illness, the last visit to the physician, the eating habits and medicines taken, the diet followed, the level of energy present and any fatigue and general weakness experienced. Others may include allergies to medications, depression and mental health and appetite. Parental concerns- The parents must be questioned about the concerns of the patient. Their worries and their observations hold much value of for the examination and evaluation of the patient. Physical examination- The physical examination would include the height, weight, movement patterns, hand-on assessment of muscle tone, strength and flexibility. The coordination and balance of the child would also be tested. Motor development tests- Specific tests would be performed for determining the childs motor development. The use of hand, intellect, language skills and other areas of development would be assessed. Proper monitoring of motor functioning in the lower extremities is very much needed. Serial orthopaedic examination, including joint range of motion (ROM) assessment and muscle strength, are to be conducted for detecting changes required in the intervention (Campbell Palisano, 2006). The concerns regarding the signs and symptoms of Ashley would be the left hip pain, inability to remain comfortable in the wheelchair, calcium loss and gain of weight. Left hip pain- The left hip pain may be due to scoliosis. Myelomeningoceleis characterised by several complications and one of those are scoliosis. Even if one or more operations are carried out, some disability may remain with the patient. In many cases the operations are not successful. The common problems are with the hips. It must be noted that the patient has a history of two fractures in her lower extremities during the past four years (Ieorio et a., 2015). Uncomfortness in using wheelchair- Uncomfortness in using wheelchair is due to the chronic pain and need of seating in the same posture at a stretch. The pain and uncomfortness is an inevitable consequence using a wheelchair on a full-time basis. The pain that the patient feels is due to the constant posture maintained by the patient. In such cases, the patients find comfort in only lying down. Calcium loss- Patients with myelomeningocele have difficulty with ambulation, and thus secondary loss of bone mineral density. This leads to loss of calcium from the body of the patient. Moreover, patients with non-ambulatory myelomeningocele may be suffering from urinary calcium losses. Such calcium losses make the body more weak (Flynn Ordorica, 2016). Gain of weight- the patient has been gaining more weight as she is is a permanent user of a wheelchair. People who use a wheelchair find it difficult to lose weight since they do not have the option of losing calorie by taking up physical activities. A healthy body weight is not achieved. The metabolism also may be hampered due to the constant posture of sitting on a wheelchair. A decrease in the mobility is the main cause. Any medical disorder may also affect the mobility. Medications have a chance of making an influence on the appetite. The patient may also not have adequate knowledge of nutrition and weight management (Williams et al., 2014). The goal of the physical therapy would be directed towards at contractures of the hips of the patient and would include the strengthening and range-of-motion exercises. This is due to the muscle imbalance experienced by the patient. Different factors affects the ability of the patients with myelomeningocele to ambulate. The most significant factor that forms the basis for judgment is location of the malformation. Patients with higher lesion in the upper lumber spine and thoracic spine have more chances of being in the wheelchair (Wheelson, 2012). The same is the case of the patient Ashley. The decision taken on whether to begin physical therapy or refer Ashley to the physician would depend on the monitoring of the alignment of the joint, muscle contractions, muscle imbalance, body posture and the signs of increasing neurological deficits. If the condition of the patient is severe, surgery may be required and physical therapy may not be of much use (Molina, 2013). References Campbell, S. K., Palisano, R. J. (2006).Physical Therapy For Children(p. 564). Elsevier Saunders. Flynn, K., Ordorica, J. (2016). Commentary on Bone Mineral Content in Infants With Myelomeningocele, With and Without Treadmill Stepping Practice.Pediatric Physical Therapy,28(1), 32. Iorio, J. A., Jakoi, A. M., Steiner, C. D., Cahill, P. J., Samdani, A., Betz, R. R., Singla, A. (2015). Minimally Invasive Lateral Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Scoliosis Associated with Myelomeningocele.Surgical technology international,26, 371-375. Molina, J. E. (2013). Physiotherapy. InNew Techniques for Thoracic Outlet Syndromes(pp. 13-14). Springer New York. Williams, G. J., Georgiou, P. A., Cocker, D. M., Bonanomi, G., Smellie, J., Efthimiou, E. (2014). The safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery for obese, wheelchair bound patients.The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England,96(5), 373-376. Wilson, F. (2015). Grieve's Modern Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy.

Peripheral Arterial Disease free essay sample

A discussion on peripheral arterial disease, also known as PAD, a chronic condition in which arteries that supply blood to the legs become blocked by a buildup of plaque. The following paper examines the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of PAD, a form of atherosclerosis, a progressive disease characterized by fatty deposits in the inner layer of the arteries, which gradually narrows the artery. The writer particularly focus on Raynauds one of the forms of PAD which causes fingers and toes to turn blue and white with cold . Its important to remember that many people have PAD without having any symptoms. Such individuals are at higher risk for a stroke or heart attack. Research indicates that the risk for dying from heart disease is six times higher for people who have PAD, and PAD patients have a 30 percent risk of dying from a cardiovascular-related problem within five years after the initial diagnosis of PAD (University of Penn Health System). We will write a custom essay sample on Peripheral Arterial Disease or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is essential that anyone who has health problems or a lifestyle that could lead to PAD be aware of the symptoms of this potentially life-threatening disease, as see a doctor for any problems. Peripheral arterial disease can be controlled in most cases. People only need to be aware of the signs.

Children have always been fascinated by robots Essays

Children have always been fascinated by robots Essays Children have always been fascinated by robots Essay Children have always been fascinated by robots Essay In today s ever-changing universe, the rampant usage of assorted engineering and automatons have become an indispensable portion of our day-to-day lives. Since the Industrial Revolution, automatons have been used in fabrication and automotive industries. With the rapid promotion in engineering, the usage of automatons is increasing at an exponential rate. From the graph above, it is apparent that the universe automaton population has increased by about 2 creases from 4.49million in 2006 to 8.37million in 2010. Domestic service, educational and leisure automatons have contributed to the big addition in the usage of automatons in the twenty-first century. International Federation of Robotics ( IFR ) has forecasted a USD $ 17 billion in gross revenues for the automaton market worldwide by 2013. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ifr.org/ ) Hence, with the multi-faceted usage of automatons presently bing in our day-to-day lives, one can anticipate automatons specializing in child care to be a portion of world in the close hereafter. Childs have ever been fascinated by automatons. This is reflected in the increasing figure of pupils taking portion in robotics competitions. Furthermore, when a bomb disposal automaton was deployed in a small town of Iraq, it caught the attending of the small town kids who surrounded it with great involvement. Surveies have besides shown that the interaction between automatons and kids have yielded positive effects. As a consequence, automatons have besides been used as tools for educational intents. Advantages With the current population tendency traveling from single-income to dual-income households, there is an increasing demand for parents to supply the necessary child care services for their kids while they are both busy at work. This tendency coupled with the germinating usage of automatons has sparked the research on child care automatons as a agency to deciding the issue of beguiling with raising a kid at the same time with supplying for the household. The potency of childcare automatons is huge and has therefore generated a batch of ballyhoo. Not merely can it hold a immense impact on society but it besides has the possible to convey approximately extremist alterations in our mundane lives. The construct of child care automatons has existed for decennaries. Proto-types of child care automatons are already available in the universe today due to technological promotions which have minimised the cost of edifice and piecing a automaton. Presently, there are 14 companies in Japan and Korea that have developed childcare automatons. The PaPeRo is an illustration of a child care automaton which has been developed by NEC, a taking Nipponese electronics company who is a innovator in the development of child care automatons. It has been designed to populate and interact with people through its independent and communicating maps. One of its primary maps is to protect a kid and prevent him from injury s manner. This can be done through nomadic monitoring whereby the automaton has cameras installed in its eyes which allow working parents to supervise their kid s motion at place through their laptops while they are at work. The parent will hold full control of the automaton and can voyage it around the house to guarantee that his or her kid is under changeless supervising even if he or she is non physically at that place. The PaPeRo can besides be programmed to look out for possible risky state of affairss and accordingly forestall the kid at place from going a victim of it. Its independent map and obstruction turning away capableness thereby let working parents to concentrate on their work due to its nature of independent mobility. Disadvantages Although childcare automatons may work out the sufferings of modern working parents, one can non assist but inquire how believable is the automaton in guaranting the safety of the kid at place? Who should be responsible in the instance whereby the kid still gets hurt under the attention of the automaton? Childcare automatons may hold dire effects on the kid if they are non employed with cautiousness. Previously, parents had to beguile between their household and work. As the construct of child care automaton surfaced, it liberated parents as the primary health professionals from taking between their work committednesss and looking after their kid. This would ensue in less clip spent together and the common bonding between parent and kid will be lost in the procedure. The primary upbringing of a kid thence no longer rests upon the shoulders of the parents but in the custodies of a child care automaton alternatively. From a social position, a parent s primary duty is to supply for their progeny and protect them from injuries manner. Parents should besides leave the necessary cognition and accomplishments to last in their ulterior old ages during the developmental phases of their kids in their adolescence. Parents may therefore be fiddling their primary duties by go throughing on their function as health professionals to childcare automatons. Alternatively of breastfeeding, which is natural and healthy for a kid and besides AIDSs in psychological bonding, a automaton is created to suckle with powdery milk. This is physically non healthy for a babe and would be a distressing tendency to society. The function of health professionals is no longer clearly defined between worlds and automatons. One can merely inquire what sort of psychological impact this may potentially hold on a kid when he is brought up by an independent automaton made of steel alternatively of his ain warm-blooded biological par ents. As automatons become progressively popular and available, should we invent international moralss guidelines for their usage? -Manfred Werner The issue of formalised guidelines besides arises with the extended usage of child care automatons in the hereafter. To protect a kid from carelessness and maltreatment, there will be a demand for governmental and international organic structures to modulate and put down ethical guidelines guaranting the just and merely usage of child care automatons. By modulating its usage, it could repeat the fact that parents are still the primary health professionals of their kid and childcare automatons should merely be a tool to help them and non replace them. One should non keep the automatons wholly apt to the attention of one s kid. Children playing with automatons Surveies have shown that go forthing a kid with minimum human contact would retard the mental and rational development of the kid. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.education.umd.edu/EDHD/faculty/Fox/publications/94.pdf ) Although the kid may develop an emotional fond regard to the automaton, his cognitive development may be impaired as he may be passing most of his childhood with a child care automaton. Furthermore, the bonding between a kid and automaton may misdirect the kid into believing that such a relationship is existent and indistinguishable to that with human existences. The impairing of his cognitive abilities coupled with the inability to separate between human and robotic relationships may therefore take the kid to confront jobs interacting with other kids. Consequently, the kid may estrange himself from the remainder of society in response to the ostracising he potentially faces from his equals. Ultimately, automatons are machines that face the usual proficient jobs of misfunctioning and may go disused over clip. The kid may outgrow the automaton as his demands change at such a rapid rate. The child care automaton may merely be programmed to manage yearlings and babies alternatively of school traveling kids and hence it may go inadequate in looking after a kid as they grow older. A kid raised by machines may be damaging to society and contribute to the debasement of healthy human relationships in the coevalss to come. However, it is undeniable that childcare automatons are mostly good to heightening child care. Even without the being of automatons, there are still instances of kid maltreatment and carelessness by parents who have shirked their duty in caring for their kid. In such instances, a automaton may really make an even better occupation in guaranting that the kid is good taken attention of. As research on child care automatons intensifies, the automaton can be programmed to execute more sophisticated undertakings, inter alia, showing emotions and responding otherwise to a broad vocabulary of words and scope of feelings. However, in malice of the ballyhoo and benefits of child care automatons, I personally feel that it would be of best involvement to society that they should merely be used as a tool to help in child care and non replace the quintessential function of parents. Decision In decision, although the possible and benefits of child care automatons are illimitable in the hereafter, it is critical for us human existences to take a measure back and ponder over the implicit in ethical and legal issues that arise from their usage. There should be a conjunct attempt by authoritiess and a regulative organic structure to make a set of common and concrete guidelines to modulate the usage of child care automatons. However, I feel that these are but mere infant stairss to a kingdom of human co-existing with unreal intelligence. I care about our immature people, and I wish them great success, because they are our Hope for the FutureaˆÂ ¦ Dave Barry Young persons are the key to our hereafter. It is imperative so that kids ought to be moulded in the footfalls of a human being than that of a cold piece of metal work.

Fifty Shades of Grey Why So Much Fuss

Fifty Shades of Grey Why So Much Fuss The major event of the last weekend apart from St. Valentines day? The premier of scandalous movie 50 Shades of Grey of course. Why the book and the movie Fifty Shades of Grey actually got so popular? Should you rush to the cinema and see it immediately or is it just another marketing hype? Should you ever criticize it in public? Lets try to figure this out. It’s super-easy to Google â€Å"50 Shades of Grey† right now and get a really basic idea of the ferocious reaction so far from movie lovers and critics across the board. For example, here’s an Eagle Eye view from IMBD: Okay, so out of close to 62,000 people, it’s got a score of 4 out of 10. Ouch. Totally unexpected based on the popularity of the 2011 erotic romance novel and the amount of fuss surrounding the film leading up to release. Then of course there’s headlines like these from platforms in the ilk of Variety – â€Å"Box Office: Fifty Shades of Grey Explodes With Record-Breaking $81.7 Million†. So low ranks an bad reviewsbut the books becomes bestseller and the movie breaks the records – what are the reasons for that? Typical Love Story for Women If we look at the actual stats from IMDb we see that the reviews are absolutely dominated by females (especially in the under 18 demographic). This shouldn’t be a shock to anyone: The story hit its target audience – women looking for a wealthy attractive man in suit who is able to make any woman happy. It follows the pattern of famous Hollywood stories, starting from beauty and the beast – ending with Twilight. Each time women believe that no matter how hurt they are they will be able to change men to good husbands/lovers/fathers and make a happy end of that weird relationships. Lie? Yes, but somehow it still works! Bad PR Is Still PR If we head over to the actual reviews, it gets real ugly, real fast. Without going too deeply into all this negativity and movie bashing here’s the current headings of the reviews on the first page as of when this article was written: Just as I predicted! 1 Star This movie raped my Intelligence: 1 Star My god†¦this was awful: 1 Star Oh this film was just DREADFUL! 1 Star Yeesh, that was a whole lot of nothing: 2 Stars 100 Shades of Terrible: 1 Star It just goes on, and on, and on. What gives? Apparently, this movie demolished all expectations. Check out this quote from Vox contributor Alex Abad-Santos: â€Å"Seen through the lens of a sci-fi romantic comedy about a man whos barely human and the awkward woman who comes to love him, Fifty Shades is a masterpiece of subversion and dark humor - and much, much better than anything our kinky minds could have imagined.† Sci-fi romantic comedy? Wait, what? Others describe it as the male shovanistic TV show Mad Men on parabolic steroids. The most common notion is that while it was meant to be a creative take on the books (which most of the women watching the movie have read) it’s too predictable and the production value didn’t make up for the vapid acting and unengaging chemistry between the protagonist and antagonist. The Story Setting In reality, we should step back and look at 50 Shades of Grey story from a much more grand social-economic perspective. Here are three things going on in America and the western world in general that have a direct influence on the way this story is being received: Global economic shift with â€Å"suits† being demonized. Traditional sexual roles for men and women being erased or flipped on their head. Rampant over-sexualization thanks to internet porn. Roughly half to 60% of all males and females in the 18-44 demographic in western societies are either divorced or single. That’s a fact. At least according to poles and such. Furthermore, we’re in a part of the social cycle where men are being demonized, not just men in suits. Although the oligarch-type and the Wall Street-type are being targeted to†¦ Unprecedented income equality levels. Trillions in â€Å"bail-outs/ins† The control that multinational corporations seem to hold over world governments. When we put all these pressure together, stuff them into a modern man or women searching for their place in a quagmire-society and then sit them in front of a movie that uses these pain-points to create a somewhat outlandish representation of society, power, and relationships†¦well, it makes for some sizzling hot PR! The Mass Is Vile This is a perfect representation of how backwards society is becoming. Everywhere we look the response is overwhelmingly negative and yet sales are breaking records. Hordes of people sholdering their way through ticket and snackbar lines to take their seat and see if it’s as bad as everyone says it is. In a mad world, madness is the only source of real entertainment. In a juxtaposed and confused society, the worse something is, the better? It was Charlie Chapline who said: Man as an individual is a genius. But men in the mass form the headless monster, a great, brutish idiot that goes where prodded. The Influence of Media The only critics that seem to actually like the movie are more well-known and from more mainstream sources: The Telegraph: â€Å"isnt nearly as painful as it could have been†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Guardian: â€Å"The bulk of the film, really, is Ana deciding whether or not to embrace the role of Christian’s new submissive.† New York Magazine: â€Å"Superb!† So in terms of people, horrid but worth spending money on. In terms of mainstream critics, the movie is a love/hate piece of cinematic art that slaps the viewer in the face, especially if they read the original book. The more coverage (no matter) positive or negative the story gets – the more attention is brought to it. That results in fame and money – simple as 1-2-3. Still doubt if you should see the 50 shades of grey movie? Or read the book? Well, life is short, if this many people are hating on it, you might completely LOVE it. The key is walking into the cinema without any expectations whatsoever. This is not the story that needs overthinking. Take it for what it is. To make it really interesting, in your mind look at the main male and female duo as society (played by Dakota Johnson) and the power-elite (played by Jamie Dornan).

Expected Learning Outcomes in a Legal Class Research Proposal

Expected Learning Outcomes in a Legal Class - Research Proposal Example This therefore includes the introduction and development of necessary skills. These skills include research and analysis in determining relevant laws to be applied to case examples having practical application and significance in business. Another skill that would be developed as a necessary consequence is legal reasoning. When law is in issue, what is moral becomes an issue also. Hence the study should include not only law but the ethical standards or regulations related to business. More specifically this includes both legal and ethical regulations as pertaining to the entire global business organization. This in a few words is the Legal Environment of A Business. All these skills and knowledge expected to be learned in a legal class should lay the foundations for specialized classes that delve deeper into the Legal Environment of Business and Business Ethics. Both subjects cover such a large scope that they should be treated separately in specialized classes. As a foundation for t hese subjects, this general introduction should expose the student to the legal environment of business including the three branches of government, administrative agencies, the actual laws on business and its courses of action in times of conflicts. Problems at the corporate level involving contracts and employment issues must also be presented.

Intervention Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intervention - Article Example The study was conducted in Sydney, Australia. The participants in the study were 172 and they were individuals with non-specific low back pain. They received 14 sessions of individualized supervised exercise therapy and they were randomly assigned to receive either motor control exercises or graded activity as a way of establishing the advantage and applicability of the motor control exercises in reducing back pain (Gazzi Macedo et al., 2012). These two studies were aimed at establishing whether the exercise program could be used as an intervention into reducing PGD and LBP. However, the researchers in the first study found no effect of the treatment program on the prevalence of self-reported LBP and PGD during the time of pregnancy not exceeding 20 weeks. This cannot rule out the program though it cannot be used widely due to the failed positive results. The results of the second study however shoed that motor control exercises and graded activity have similar effects for patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (Gazzi Macedo et al., 2012). These can be used well as an intervention in the reduction of back pain, LBP and PGD in pregnant women. Article one shows the details of the study done to establish whether the introduction of a group-based exercise program can be applied as an intervention for reducing Lower Back Pain and Pelvic Girdle Pain in pregnant women before the 20th week of gestation. The results however shows little difference in the two groups which consist of the controlled group and the non-controlled group. The sample size is 257 which consists of pregnant women before the 20th week of gestation. The Second is a parallel study done on a suburban area in Sydney, Australia. The participants in the study were 172 and they were individuals with non-specific low back pain. They undergo individualized supervised exercise therapy and they were randomly assigned to receive either motor

The Miracle Worker by William Gibson Essay Example for Free

The Miracle Worker by William Gibson Essay William Gibsons play, The Miracle Worker, illustrates how people who triumph over hardships can succeed in achieving their goals. The play follows Annie Sullivan, a half-blind northern young woman, as she travels to Post-Civil War Tuscumbia, Alabama in order to teach Helen Keller, a blind and deaf little girl. When she arrives in Alabama, Annie meets Helens family members; her father, Captain Keller, is a stubborn, commanding former Civil War captain and her mother, Kate Keller, is a young, overly protective woman, both of them have kept Helen almost as a pet because they did not know what to do with her or how to treat her. In order for Annie to succeed in teaching Helen, she has to battle with Captain Kellers stubbornness, Kates overly protectiveness, and Helens combativeness. For instance, Annie is forced to show her combative side as she repeatedly faces off with Captain Keller to be able to teach Helen better. For example, Annie and Captain Keller argue at the breakfast table over how to teach Helen, and Captain Keller exclaims, I fail to see where you have taught her anything yet, Miss Sullivan! to which Annie responds angrily, Ill begin this minute if youll leave the room, Captain Keller! (Gibson 668). Captain Keller desperately wants to have peace at the breakfast table; however, Annie interrupts that peace by demanding that he leave the room. Annie knows that, in order for her to be able to discipline Helen, Captain Keller and Kate must leave the room so that they cannot interfere. In addition, Annie requests another week to teach Helen without the interference of her family, and Captain Keller exclaims, And what would one more week accomplish? We are more than satisfied, youve done more than we ever thought possible, taught her constructive(691). Captain Keller is more than satisfied because Annie has taught Helen manners and how to behave. Annie is frustrated with the Kellers because she knows that Helens learning manners is only the first step in her education; Annie wants to teach Helen communication, but knows that this skill is unattainable with Kate and Captain Kellers frequent interferences. Furthermore, at Helens welcome home dinner, Helen tests her parents and throws a water pitcher on Annie, Captain Keller tries to stop Annie from disciplining Helen, but Annie rounds on him and yells, Dont smooth anything else out for me, dont interfere in any way! I treat her like a seeing child because I ask her to  see, I expect her to see, dont undo what I do! (700). Helen has been in the garden house with Annie for the past two weeks, following rules day and night, and Captain Keller wants to make Helens welcome home dinner more enjoyable by allowing her more freedom than she has had in the past two weeks. Annie knows that if Captain Keller allows Helen to get her way, even once, all the progress she has made over the past two weeks will have gone to waste and she will return to her previous bad habits and distasteful manners. Annies being obstinate and her sheer will power help her to stand up to Captain Keller, insure that Helen can succeed in her learning and becoming able to communicate with a world from which she has been closed off. Moreover, Annie is driven to a constant battle of wills against Kates blinding love for Helen because this love interferes with Helens being able to learn from Annie, her teacher. For example, Annie turns indignant when Kate gives Helen a sweet after Helen stabs Annie with a needle, and Kate explains, We catch our flies with honey, Im afraid. We havent the heart for much else, and so many times she simply cannot be compelled (664). All Kate realizes is that Helens bad behavior stops when she is given candy, thus Kate accidentally rewards her for misbehaving. Annie feels frustrated because she knows that if Kate carries on rewarding Helen for bad behavior, Annie will never be able to rid Helen of her bad habits. In addition, when the Kellers are taken aback by Annies proposition of spending two weeks alone in the garden house, Annie explains, Mrs. Keller, I dont think Helens worst handicap is deafness or blindness. I think its your love. And pity (667). Annie knows that Mrs. Kellers love and pity for Helen has caused Kate to distort Helens differentiation between right and wrong, and Annie realizes that being alone with Helen will allow her to be taught without the interference of her mothers love. Annie thinks that this love and pity from Kate is Helens worst handicap because it prevents her from learning language and keeps Helen closed off from the world around her. Furthermore, Helen tests her family, and her teacher, when her welcome home dinner after her two weeks alone with Annie, repeatedly dropping her napkin, Kate tries to make excuses for her and supposes, Will once hurt so much, Miss Annie? Ivemade all Helens favorite foods, tonight (699). Kates desire to make Helen happy on her first night back blinds Kate to the  realization that if she allows Helen misbehave even once, the progress that Helen has made in the time she spent with Annie in the garden house will diminish and Annie will have to start teaching Helen all over again. Annie knows that if Helen realizes that she can get away with misbehaving, now that she is reunited with her family, she will revert back to her old ways and continue misbehaving. Because Annie fights with Kate to keep Helen in line, Annie is able to teach Helen how to act and behave like a seeing child, and begin to break through Helens shell that prevents her from learning language. What is more, due to her stubborn, fiery attitude, Helen forces Annie to battle with her in order for Annie to make Helen understand that everything has a name. For Example, upon first meeting Helen, Annie shows her a doll and immediately spells d-o-l-l into Helens hand, Helen, wanting the doll, rejects the spelling and whacks Annie over the head; as Annie gets up looking for Helen the narrator reveals, But rounding from the mirror she sees the door slam, Helen and the doll are on the outside, and Helen is turning the key in the lock, Annie darts over, to pull the knob, but the door is locked fast. (655). Helen has no desire to spell back to Annie, and when Annie will not give her the doll until she spells back she hits Annie with a haymaker and flees out the door. Due to her injury, Annie immediately realizes the difficulty she is going to have teaching Helen, and she becomes ever more determined to succeed in making Helen learn. In addition, Annie tries tirelessly to get Helen to eat her breakfast with a spoon, but the narrator reveals, She tries again this time Helen accepts the food. Annie lowers the spoon with a sigh of relief, and Helen spews the mouthful out at her face (672). Helen resents the attempts that Annie makes to teach her how to use proper manners and fights back bitterly with her entire arsenal of tricks. Annie, instead of being discouraged by the insult, is only more determined to succeed in teaching Helen table manners after having food spewed into her face. Furthermore, Helen proceeds to misbehave once she is reunited with her family, accumulating in her deliberately flinging a water pitcher at Annie; the narrator reveals, Annie gets her breath, the snatches the pitcher away in one hand, hoists Helen up bodily under the other arm, and starts to carry her out, kicking Annie takes Helen to the water pump  to refill the pitcher and it is there the miracle happens as Helen says Wah. Wah (and again with great effort) Wah. Wah' (701). Annie grabs Helen to take her outside to refill the water pitcher and, is rewarded when, once outside, Helen comes to the realization that the letters Annie has been spelling into her hand are indeed the names of the things around her. Helen, although originally furious at being dragged outside, is astounded when she comes to the realization that the things Annie has been tapping into her hand mean water, and she is even able to think back to before her disability when she could say Wah Wah. All of Annies efforts with Helen are finally rewarded when Helen is opened up as she realizes that everything does have a name. Annie succeeds in teaching Helen the meaning of language because she stubbornly battles Captain Keller, Kate, and Helen. Annie knows that Helens worst handicap is not her deafness or blindness, rather that she has been kept as a pet out of her parents love and pity. Captain Keller tries to stop Annie from disciplining Helen, but Annie ferociously demands for him to get out of the way and stop interfering. Annie triumphs over the difficulties she faces and succeeds in her goal of teaching Helen language and opening her up to let the world know the treasures she holds in her imagination.

Comparing Forgiveness and Marriage in Much Ado, Alls Well, and Measure

Forgiveness and Marriage in Much Ado about Nothing, All's Well That Ends Well, and Measure for Measure      Ã‚   Shakespeare never does manage to make the journey to the end of his comic plays an easy one for his characters or his audience, and as his comedies evolve, the journey becomes even more difficult. Tragic elements and more psychologically complex characters increase the intensity of the ending and often make a reader or viewer question if there will be a happy ending at all. Specific male characters in three plays act as impediments to this comic ending, often prompted by a villainous character and sometimes by their own doing. These men: Claudio in Much Ado about Nothing, Bertram in All's Well That Ends Well, and Angelo in Measure for Measure for various reasons are not ready for marriage or love. Living in a patriarchal society, they are often more concerned with fighting in a war or preserving male bonds than they are with being in love or being married. The problems that occur between the couples about to be married or just recently married are essential because these men need to grow up and become responsible. The only way to change them is to let them commit these harmful acts and realize the consequence. The women: Hero, Helena, and Mariana must be strong enough to forgive them for the hurtful acts these men have committed against them in order for some semblance of a happy ending to take place.    The "crimes" committed by Claudio in Much definitely requires a great act of forgiveness but Hunter feels that forgiveness is the essential element in this play. He point out that "the love of man for woman (but not of woman for man) is seen too frail an emotion to sustain the pressures that are frequently put... ...nter, "Forgiving Claudio"    Works Cited Dash, Irene G. "When Women Choose: All's Well That Ends Well." Women's Worlds in Shakespeare. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1997. Friedman, Michael. "Male Bonds and Marriage in All's Well and Much Ado." Studies in English Literature 35 (1995): 231-248. ---. "'O, let him marry her!': Matrimony and Recompense in Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Quarterly. 46 (1995): 454-464. Hays, Janice. "Those 'soft and delicate desires' Much Ado and the Distrust of Women." The Woman's Part: Feminist Criticism of Shakespeare. Ed. Carolyn Ruth Swift Lenz, Gayle Greene, and Carol Thomas Neely. Chicago, Urbana, London: University of Illinois Press, 1980. Hunter, Robert Grams. "Forgiving Claudio." Twentieth Century Interpretations of Much Ado about Nothing. Ed. Walter Davis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: 1969   

Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s The Confessions: A Review Essay

In Confessions by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Rousseau seeks to explain who he is by trying to paint layer by layer, a portrait of himself, without missing any details and having his end product being interpreted by his readers. Rousseau was born into a lower class family, part of the commons, in a childhood mixed with medieval and modern values and lifestyles. Rousseau was a product of a mother and father who married out of love, being born into a nuclear family rather than the traditional big family of the medieval times. His mother passed away at Rousseau’s birth and even though his father abandoned him at a young age, he still had a close relationship to Rousseau for he thought him how to read. As Rousseau grew older, he became independent and begun an apprenticeship as an engraver. In his confessions, he reveals an experience of being beaten at the age of 11 by a much-loved female nanny twice his age—and desiring to be beaten again, which he evaluates as being his admission into the world of adult sexuality. Rousseau does not agree with the medieval traditions of corporal punishment. He believes beating children will lead them to become mischievous, sneaky, and sexual deviances. Rousseau’s intended audience was made for the general public of Europe to read. He wanted to express his individualism and try to get his audience to know his true self. Rousseau also wanted the public to know all his secrets and love him regardless so he can establish the personal bonds which he describes were stripped by money, â€Å"the money you have gives you freedom. The money you pursue enslaves you†. Given that man contributes his mutual consent to money as a store of value in a society, Rousseau believes money has both positive and negative traits. He states that money is virtuous since it gives an individual independence but goes on to also state that money brings the disadvantage of breaking personal bonds. Moreover, the significance and effects of The Confessions reaches toward the emphasis of discipline and upbringing of children. Rousseau tells his audience how childhood experiences can carry psychologically into adulthood, especially in relation to the development of sexuality and deviance. The Confessions influenced society to change. Even though some members where not comfortable with this change Rousseau had regardless already brought upon the ideas which reformed the way of many individuals’ outlook and thinking towards their families, children, money, personal bonds, private properties, etc.

Scientific Method Essay

The scientific method has four steps 1. Observation and description of a phenomenon. The observations are made visually or with the aid of scientific equipment. 2. Formulation of a hypothesis to explain the phenomenon in the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation. 3. Test the hypothesis by analyzing the results of observations or by predicting and observing the existence of new phenomena that follow from the hypothesis. If experiments do not confirm the hypothesis, the hypothesis must be rejected or modified (Go back to Step 2). 4. Establish a theory based on repeated verification of the results. The subject of a scientific experiment has to be observable and reproducible. Observations may be made with the unaided eye, a microscope, a telescope, a voltmeter, or any other apparatus suitable for detecting the desired phenomenon. The invention of the telescope in 1608 made it possible for Galileo to discover the moons of Jupiter two years later. Other scientists confirmed Galileo’s observations and the course of astronomy was changed. However, some observations that were not able to withstand tests of objectivity were the canals of Mars reported by astronomer Percival Lowell. Lowell claimed to be able to see a network of canals in Mars that he attributed to intelligent life in that planet. Bigger telescopes and satellite missions to Mars failed to confirm the existence of canals. This was a case where the observations could not be independently verified or reproduced, and the hypothesis about intelligent life was unjustified by the observations. To Lowell’s credit, he predicted the existence of the planet Pluto in 1905 based on perturbations in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. This was a good example of deductive logic. The application of the theory of gravitation to the known planets predicted that they should be in a different position from where they were. If the law of gravitation was not wrong, then something else had to account for the variation. Pluto was discovered 25 years later. Limitations of the Scientific Method Science has some well-known limitations. Science works by studying problems in isolation. This is very effective at getting good, approximate solutions. Problems outside these artificial boundaries are generally not addressed. The consistent, formal systems of symbols and mathematics used in science cannot prove all statements, and furthermore, they cannot prove all TRUE statements. Kurt Godel showed this in 1931. The limitations of formal logical systems make it necessary for scientists to discard their old systems of thought and introduce new ones occasionally. Newton’s gravitational model works fairly well for everyday physical descriptions, but it is not able to account for many important observations. For this reason, it has been replaced by Einstein’s general theory of relativity for most celestial phenomena. Instead of talking about gravity, we now are supposed to talk about the curvature of the four-dimensional time-space continuum. Scientific observations are also subject to physical limits that may prevent us from finding the ultimate truth. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to determine simultaneously the position and momentum of an elementary particle. So, if we know the location of a particle we cannot determine its velocity, and if we know its velocity we cannot determine its location. Jacob Bronowski wrote that nature is not a gigantic formalizable system because to formalize it we would have to make some assumptions that cut some of its parts from consideration, and having done that, we cannot have a system that embraces the whole of nature. The application of the scientific method is limited to independently observable, measurable events that can be reproduced. The scientific method is also applicable to random events that have statistical distributions. In atomic chemistry, for example, it is impossible to predict when one specific atom will decay and emit radiation, but it is possible to devise theories and formulas to predict when half of the atoms of a large sample will decay. Irreproducible results cannot be studied by the scientific method. There was one day when many car owners reported that the alarm systems of their cars were set off at about the same time without any apparent cause. Automotive engineers were not able to discover the reason because the problem could not be reproduced. They hypothesized that it could have been radio interference from a passing airplane, but they could not prove it one way or another. Mental conceptual experiences cannot be studied by the scientific method either. At this time there is no instrumentation that enables someone to monitor what anybody else conceives in their mind, although it is possible to determine which part of the brain is active during any given task. It is not possible to define experiments to determine objectively which works of art are â€Å"great†, or whether Picasso was better than Matisse. So-called miracles are also beyond the scientific method. A person has tumors and faces certain death, and then, the tumors start shrinking and the person becomes healthy. What brought about the remission? A change in diet? A change in mental attitude? It is impossible to go back in time to monitor all variables that could have caused the cure, and it would be unethical to plant new tumors into the person to try to reproduce the results for a more careful study. Critical Thinking The scientific method relies on critical thinking, which is the process of questioning common beliefs and explanations to distinguish those beliefs that are reasonable and logical from those which lack adequate evidence or rational foundation. Arguments consists of one or more premises and one conclusion. A premise is a statement that is offered in support of a claim being made. Premises and claims can be either true or false. In deductive arguments the premises provide complete support for the conclusion. If the premises provide the required degree of support for the conclusion then the argument is valid, and if all its premises are true, then the conclusion must be true. In inductive arguments the premises provide some degree of support for the conclusion. When the premises of inductive arguments are true, their conclusion is likely to be true. Arguments that have one or more false premises are unsound. Fallacies Arguments are subject to a variety of fallacies. A fallacy is an error in reasoning in which the premises given for the conclusion do not provide the needed degree of support. A deductive fallacy is a deductive argument where the premises are all true but reach a false conclusion. An inductive fallacy consist of arguments where the premises do not provide enough support for the conclusion. In such cases, even if the premises are true, the conclusion is not likely to be true. Common fallacies are categorized by their type, such as Ad Hominem (personal attack), and appeals to authority, belief, fear, ridicule, tradition, etc. An example of an Ad Hominem fallacy would be to say â€Å"You do not understand this because you are American (or Chinese, etc. â€Å". The national origin of a person (the premise) has nothing to do with the conclusion that a person can understand something or not, therefore the argument is flawed. Appeals to ridicule are of the form: â€Å"You would be stupid to believe that the earth goes around the sun†. Sometimes, a naive or false justification may be added in appeals to ridicule, such as â€Å"we can plainly see the sun go around the earth every day†. Appeals to authority are of the form â€Å"The president of the United States said this, therefore it must be true†. The fact that a famous person, great person, or authority figure said something is not a valid basis for something being true. Truth is independent of who said it. Types of Evidence Evidence is something that provides proof concerning a matter in question. Direct or Experimental evidence. The scientific methods relies on direct evidence, i. e. , evidence that can be directly observed and tested. Scientific experiments are designed to be repeated by other scientists and to demonstrate unequivocably the point that they are trying to prove by controlling all the factors that could influence the results. A scientist conducts an experiment by varying a single factor and observing the results. When appropriate, â€Å"double blind† experiments are conducted to avoid the possibility of bias. If it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of a drug, an independent scientist will prepare the drug and an inert substance (a placebo), identifying them as A and B. A second scientist selects two groups of patients with similar characteristics (age, sex, etc. ), and not knowing which is the real drug, administers substance A to one group of patients and substance B to the second group of patients. By not knowing whether A or B is the real drug, the second scientist focuses on the results of the experiment and can make objective evaluations. At the end of the experiment, the second scientist should be able to tell whether the group receiving substance A showed improvements over those receiving substance B. If no effect can be shown, the drug being tested is ineffective. Neither the second scientist nor the patients can cheat by favoring one substance over another, because they do not know which is the real drug. Anecdotal, Correlational, or Circumstantial Evidence. Where there is smoke, there is fire† is a popular saying. When two things occur together frequently, it is possible to assume that there is a direct or causative relationship between them, but it is also possible that there are other factors. For example, if you get sick every time that you eat fish and drink milk, you could assume that you are allergic to fish. However, you may be allergic to milk, or only to the combination of fish with milk. Correlational evidence is good for developing hypotheses that can then be tested with the proper experiments, e. g. drink milk only, eat fish only, eat fish and milk together. There is nothing wrong with using representative cases to illustrate an inductive conclusion drawn from a fair sample. The problem arises when a single case or a few selected cases are used to draw a conclusion which would not be supported by a properly conducted study. Argumentative Evidence consists of evaluating facts that are known and formulating a hypothesis about what the facts imply. Argumentative evidence is notoriously unreliable because anybody can postulate a hypothesis about anything. This was illustrated above with the example about the â€Å"channels† of Mars implying intelligent life. The statement â€Å"I heard a noise in the attic, it must be a ghost† also falls in this category. Testimonial Evidence. A famous football player appears on television and says that Drug-XYZ provides relief from pain and works better than anything else. You know that the football player gets paid for making the commercial. How much can you trust this evidence? Not very much. Testimonials are often biased in favor of a particular point of view. In court proceedings, something actually experienced by a witness (eyewitness information) has greater weight than what someone told a witness (hearsay information). Nevertheless, experiments have repeatedly demonstrated that eyewitness accounts are highly unreliable when compared with films of the events. The statement â€Å"I saw a ghost last night. † is an example of testimonial evidence that probably cannot be verified and should not be trusted. On the other hand, the statement â€Å"I saw a car crash yesterday. can be objectively verified to determine whether it is true or false by checking for debris from the accident, hospital records, and other physical evidence. Make full use of your senses. Making use of your senses is the subjective part of the Methodology. This is the stage where your special sensory skills can be put to use. If you have extraordinary hearing, use it. If you have a photographic memory make sure that it gets used for most of your problem solving. N obody else has your specific impressions of your environment. Your point of view and your observations are unique. Part of using your senses may involve using instrumentation or interaction with others. Lucky charms, divining rods, and other magical devices that do not have reproducible and verifiable functionality do not count as â€Å"instrumentation†. If you don’t have perfect eyesight and you need to see something clearly, use your glasses. Make observations from several points of view to get good depth perception and to confirm impressions. Take photographs if you need to remember something in great detail. Use a tape recorder or a notepad to record your observations for later review. Make sure that your senses are at their best by avoiding intoxicants that affect your perceptions. â€Å"Interaction with others† may involve using another being (not necessarily human) to make the observations for you. For example, a blind person may use a seeing-eye dog to get around, a truck driver may use directions from someone else when backing up into a tight spot, a hunter may use a dog’s sense of smell for tracking game, or a miner may use a canary to warn him of pockets of unbreathable odorless gases. Whenever you trust someone else’s perception more than your own you may find that the conclusions that you reach are unsatisfactory. How many hunters have been led astray by dogs that followed a rabbit’s trail rather than the fox’s? And how many truck drivers have crashed while backing up because they misinterpreted their helper’s signals? Reliance on your own senses is the only way to avoid such problems, but you don’t always have this choice. The application of logic may be necessary to determine which perceptions you can trust. Let us say that you are not under the influence of any drugs and you see an apparition of a dead person, what should you do? How do you distinguish hallucinations from real perceptions? How do you know if your senses fool you or if your observations are real? One time-honored test is to pinch yourself to make sure that you are not dreaming. If you should tell someone else about your experience and they don’t observe the same things, does this mean that you are crazy or that something is wrong with you? Or does this prove that you have more refined perception that enables you to see things that others do not see? What would it be like to live in a world where only you have color vision and everyone else is colorblind? The difference between real perceptions and hallucinations is that you can repeat and reproduce results from real perceptions but not from hallucinations. In a world where you are the only person with color vision, you would eventually be able to prove to everyone else by objective means that colors, or at least different frequencies of light, do exist.

CKern_LessonPlan2 Essays (2164 words) - Learning, Education

CKern_LessonPlan2 Essays (2164 words) - Learning, Education Age: Kindergarten Subject: Reading Topic : 5 W's Literary Analysis Give a summary of the text using comprehension skills Answer questions based on things written in the text Make assumptions/predictions about the text using clues from both their own experiences/knowledge and things that occurred in the book Be able to explain why they made these assumptions/predictions (justify their answer) Come up with own reasonable scenarios based on prior experiences and things learned in the text Time + Pacing Central Focus of Lesson: At the end of the lesson, students should feel comfortable answering questions about a book with prompting, and should begin to look beyond what is actually written in the book to draw conclusions about the text. Part 2: Content Objectives Answer questions about a story with prompting. Make predictions about what will happen in a story using reasoning and illustrations. Differentiate between the 5 W's (who, what, when, where, and why) when answering questions List the things that a story needs (5W's). Key Vocabulary Who What When Where Why Prior Academic Learning and Prerequisite Skills: Students should have some prior experience with the 5 W's. Students will be using reasoning and clues from illustrations to make predictions about what will happen in a story. They will also be using prior knowledge and experiences to create a new scene for the book. Students should also have a prior knowledge of how to use art supplies such as markers, colored pencils, or crayons. Materials Needed Blank Paper (one for each child) Markers, colored pencils, or crayons "Pete the Cat: Trick or Pete" by James Dean. Board Projector Back Up Plan: If this lesson does not take place near Halloween, a different book can be chosen. Part 3: Lesson Introduction Gather the children in a group and explain that they are going to be learning about the 5 W's. Ask them to listen carefully to the video/song for the 5 things that a story needs. 5 min Introduction of New Information Play video: The Five W's Song | Scratch Garden After the video ends, ask the children what the 5 things a story needs. If they are having trouble with this, then play the song again Using the information from the song, the children should be able to come up with the 5 question words. When the children say each of the words, write them on the board (Who, What, When, Where, Why). 5 min Learning Activities Tell the children that we are going to be reading a story. Read "Pete the Cat: Trick or Pete" by James Dean. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WWcLKeBIXI) While reading this story, take time to ask questions. Have the children answer these questions. They will be using clues about what they know happens on Halloween and clues from the illustrations to make predictions. Examples: On the first page: What do you think is going to be behind the flap by the moon? On the third page: What do you think is going to be in the tree? On the fifth page: What do you think is going to be in the yard? After the story is finished, begin to ask comprehension questions and write what the children say on the board. First, ask the children if each of the question words on the board were answered in the story. Then begin to ask more specific questions. Examples: Who was this story about? After children answer this question with "Pete the Cat" prompt them to give more characters such as Callie and Pete's dad. This can be done using a question like: Was there anyone else in this story? What was Pete the Cat doing? After the children answer "trick-or-treating" ask other what questions like: What were some things that Pete saw while he was trick or treating? What was Pete the Cat dressed up as? Where was Pete the Cat? This question may be difficult for students, so if they are having difficulty, prompt them using follow up questions like: Was he outside or inside? Where do you normally go trick or treating? When is Pete the Cat going trick or treating? The children will probably answer this question with Halloween, so prompt them to think about the time of day also. This can be done by asking questions like: When do you normally go trick or treating? Is it light or dark out? In the pictures, is the sky light or dark? Why do you think that Pete the Cat is scared? This question requires the

Form and Forum

Form and Forum Form and Forum Form and Forum By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, What is the difference in form and forum? Are they interchangeable? If not, what is the correct usage for each one? Regarding etymology, the noun form derives from Latin forma, whose primary meaning is shape or configuration. One speaks of â€Å"the human form,† â€Å"a form of behavior,† â€Å"the forms of a verb,† and so forth. Schools categorize students into forms, according to age or achievement. Certain types of behavior are considered â€Å"good form† or â€Å"bad form.† In our age of bureaucracy, we are frequently required to fill in the blanks on documents called forms. The English noun forum derives from Latin forum, â€Å"open space where people gather.† When people gather for any purpose, they exchange opinions. In Roman cities, the Forum was a centrally located open space where people sold produce and goods and where political candidates gave speeches. One of the meanings of forum in English is, â€Å"a place of public discussion.† On the Web, readers voice their opinions in a multitude of forums dedicated to various topics of discussion. Some of these forums boast memberships in the millions (figures from Wikipedia, â€Å"List of Internet forums†): Gaia Online (anime) 27,554,643 members; 1,000,000 posts per day. Bodybuilding 7,690,808 members; 108,244,009 posts per day. Stackoverflow (programming) 2,700,000 members; 26,000,000 posts per day. Here are some examples of form and forum in context: Why is it considered bad form to put the [wine] bottle on the table when opening it? Create a form to enter and view your data What is the simplest form to use to file my taxes? I propose establishing a Bitcoin peer review board [that would be] a forum of knowledgeable people that understand Bitcoin The Court of Public Opinion (COPO) is a Worldwide Forum of Ethics. Creighton Hosts Open Forum with Candidates for U.S. Congress It’s difficult to see how the nouns form and forum might be confused for one another. Speakers of some regional dialects do drag out the word form in speech, but in standard English, form is a one-syllable word. Forum is made up of two syllables. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs PastHow to Pronounce Mobile40 Synonyms for Praise

Ludwig Van Beethovens life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ludwig Van Beethovens life - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that various figures will influence our lives in different ways and dimensions. A renowned figure in the creative arts can influence a scientist’s life, as well as a fictional character, can influence the life of a scientist. In this case, the people influenced achieve the success that was unfathomed since they create a purpose and meaning in their lives using their influencer’s life, views, ideas, and philosophies. Importantly, figures whose stories are full of triumph over tragedies influence people due to the achievements that these figures accomplished despite the hindrances that may have prevented their success. Ludwig Van Beethoven exemplified brilliancy and intellect, which exerted immense influence that remains to date. In effect, his determination and achievements, regardless of the factors that inhibited his accomplishments, signify the important role he played in influencing my life as a student who is an aspiring e ngineer. Beethoven’s compositions are played in concerts, operas, and other entertainment venues although a few people know the challenges that Beethoven underwent in order to make these compositions. First, he was born in a family of seven children with only three of the children surviving to adulthood. The children succumbed from hereditary diseases that affected the family, which means that the probability of Beethoven suffering from a similar fate was high.

Encouragement and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Encouragement and Development - Essay Example This is not say that certain subjects did not interest me; they did. Rather, it is merely to assert that I found it difficult to imagine myself passionately pursuing any course of study based on the ones that I was currently introduced to within the standard high school curriculum. As anyone who has attended high school can attest, standard high school curriculum is most closely associated with reading, writing, arithmetic, and standard sciences (to include chemistry, physics, and biology). Once again, even though these interested me, they were not something that captured my imagination or intrigued me to pursue as a potential career choice and/or college major in the future. However, upon my junior year, I signed up for a course in information technology. Although I have always been somewhat talented and gifted in computers and software applications, I had never considered information technology as a potential career choice; or even choice of major for that matter. Yet, the subject matter itself, although intriguing, was not ultimately what encouraged me to the greatest degree. As a result of an exceptional teacher, Mr. Watkins, I was introduced to a broad and deep level of information that I had previously only scratched the surface of. To me, such a reality was unique due to the fact that prior to attending high school I was, of course, aware of the fact that mathematics and science is as well as literature and the arts were accident parts of the world and is necessarily defined the means by which the human experience and achievement took place. Conversely, prior to signing up for and participating in this for Watkins information technology class, I ha ve little if any for knowledge of the range and depth that the complexity of information technology could afford anyone who studied it.  Ã‚  

How do media affect public opinion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How do media affect public opinion - Essay Example So let’s take a look at a few concepts of affecting public opinion by media. The term "public opinion" (English public opinion) first was applied in the second half of XII century. English statesman Lord Salisbury used it for definition of moral support of the country for acts of parliament. Gradually the term became common. Public opinion represents a specific manifestation of mass consciousness, based on the estimates (verbal and nonverbal) of social processes and it characterizes the attitude of people to socially significant events and facts, actual problems of social life (Gorodyanenko, pp.308). According to the concept of total influence, public opinion is formed mostly under the considerable influence of mass media information, circulated by communicative channels. Such kind of information largely defines social values and forms stereotypes and cultural dominants in society. Propaganda motives can help form dominants in the society (Gorodyanenko, pp.325-326). Such appro ach to the media leads to the disjunction of society on masses and elite, and the masses is influenced by the elite, despite of being the largest part of it. Elite’s priority is the obtrusion of its standards and values. The elite is much more active object of the structure of society, it determines the value system, cultural and social objects, what helps the elite to subordinate the masses. The concept of the â€Å"mass society† leads us to the perception of necessary changes in the social values, because propagation of the simplified cultural dominants causes the reduction of the common cultural level (Gorodyanenko, pp.327-328). On the other side, there is a concept of limited effects. It’s main idea is that media is not the sufficient impact factor in forming of the public opinion; it is not able to provide the total changes of attitudes and beliefs of individuals and groups. The audience of the media varies on its views on life, and, accordingly, the obtain ed information. Distinct layers and individuals differ much and react differently on what they are told or what they see. But media can cause the unpredictable consequences of their affecting the public, because a man is not a passive recipient of information, but a generator of ideas based on the received information. Pursuant to the concept of limited effects, media is considered to be separated and independent of the authorities. It is a social institute and a spreader of the information, almost free of the external pressure, and its job is only to inform the public, but not to manipulate it. Personally I do not agree with that point of view, so let’s explore in details the mechanisms of TV’s influence, because today it is the most powerful media tool that affects people’s consciousness. Impact on adults Foremost, it’s a political impact. Electioneering makes a strong pressure on the public opinion. Hundreds of promises of political leaders repeated ma ny times gradually do their job because, in spite of his social status or financial situation, a man will always be an optimist. So he would rather vote for the person, who often appears on TV, takes part in different debates and embodies potential though ephemeral desired possibility of living. Also it is important to state that today there is a dominance of the TV-shows and their popularity increases continuously. However, the depicted image of reality in these shows does not always coincide

Education Via Facebook Benefits And Challenges Education Essay

Education Via Facebook Benefits And Challenges Education Essay As many teachers might attest, students diligently clicking away at their laptops during class are not always taking notes or interacting with class material. If their minds are wondering, chances are they are browsing the Internet. Though the internet provides many options for diversion, statistics show that one of the most likely places students are spending a portion of their class time is on Facebook. As likely as Facebook is to be a distraction in the classroom it also has the potential to be a teaching tool when used strategically and creatively. Social Media is an emerging technology with growing popularity. Most students and educators are familiar with Facebook. Some argue that Facebook isnt a reliable mean to transform knowledge between educators and students and is viewed as rather distracting than beneficiary. In this paper, I will review findings by some researchers to understand the relationship between Facebook and education, and whether it could be a reliable mean to b e used in Education by educators and students as nowadays, people are divided into two major groups in terms of familiarly with technology: digital immigrants and digital natives (Siegle 2011). Digital natives are those who have always relied on technology as a way of life where Digital Immigrants are people who live in two worlds, one of which technology is overlooked. In the second world, it dominated our lives and became a recognized necessity (Siegle 2011); e.g. while digital immigrants prefer to use emails; digital natives prefer to use text messaging. Conventional media such as radio, television, and newspapers are associated with many challenges related to high costs and access limitations. Social media, on the other hand, is highly accessible anytime and anywhere the internet can reach (Tiryakioglu and Erzurum 2011). Conventional media cannot be changed after production, whereas social media can be immediately changed and/or updated via comments, likes, and dislikes. According to researchers, social networks can help developing communication skills and encourage participation and social commitment (Tiryakioglu and Erzurum 2011) Facebook can be defined as an online platform where users can create profiles, generate and share content and information, and interact with other known and unknown contacts (Boyd and Ellison 2007). Following its launch in 2006, Facebook has grown rapidly in terms of the number of users and the amount of time its users spend browsing compared to other websites. Facebook is now considered to be the dominant network of all the international social networks and has led people to abandon other websites like MySpace, which some have gone so far as to refer to as the ghetto of social networks (Siegle 2011). In this paper, I will present and discuss what other scholars have concluded from their research on the use and effects of social networks (i.e. Facebook) in education. The studies used in this paper were conducted on teachers, university professors, college students, and high school students to understand and assess the usage of social networks in the light of education and its effect on students academic achievements as well as fulfilling the desire of promoting knowledge and maintaining effective and efficient student interaction with educators. This paper will eventually answer the following question: does Facebook usage by students and educators improve the interaction between both parties to promote knowledge? The objective of this essay is to present the benefits and challenges that face students and educators in practicing their role in education in the light of using Facebook. Communication through Facebook is different from traditional face-to-face communication. First, friendships through Facebook are explicit, where traditional friendships usually tend to be implicit. Secondly, conversations through Facebook are persistent. They are permanently stored and easily retrieved at any point in time. Finally, Facebook conversations are shared with all friends who can access someones profile (Siegle 2011). While Facebook enhances the process of communication, it is important to perceive it as a possible threat to its users privacy, which may in turn cost them educational and career opportunities (Siegle 2011). Fortunately, this threat can be avoided by a simple application of personal judgement before sharing private matters a person does not desire to be shareable with anyone at any point in time. Before I discuss the usage of Facebook by college students, lets take an overview on the first time Facebook is used by young users (teenagers, for example). Unlike the past, teens dont need to physically leave the house to socialize. Facebook is used as a primary communication activity through which they post, comment, and share information with each other. To preserve this tool, young users ought to be advised from the beginning as to how to use social networks responsibly and be aware of all the issues that might arise from such activity including exposed privacy. Facebook can provide a window into anyones life. Given that fact, it is the responsibility of the parents to monitor and provide guidelines to their children once they start using Facebook. The use of Facebook by students entails education-related interactions, while some use it to obtain information on a missed class, others may use Facebook to engage in humorous comments about their own and their teachers actions. Todays classroom lexicon contains words with different meanings, including post, message, tag, poke, and inbox (Fewkes and McCabe 2012). No one can deny the fact that Facebook broke down the barriers between students and educators because the informal learning that occurs in the context of sharing media offers important opportunities for increased student involvement in formal learning settings (Fewkes and McCabe 2012). Psychologists have argued that a learning community would perform its best if the characteristics of connectedness and trust have been established amongst the learners (Fewkes and McCabe 2012). For this reason, education remains one of the areas most heavily impacted by technology. Although some argue that technologies like Facebook could involve some challenges for students, that is, when implementing new technologies in classrooms, it is important that teachers focus on promoting knowledge rather than simply being a source of information (Siegle 2011). Moreover, the nature of multimedia can captivate students easily; too much multimedia stimulation can interfere with the deeper cognitive processing that is critical to learning (The American Psychological Association). Aaron M. Fewkes and Mike McCabe conducted a survey on a sample of students at Waterloo Regional District School Board after the latter had made a decision to embrace the growing popularity of Facebook to verify if their vision of using Facebook in schools aligns with the actual behaviour of the students. The results show that 48% of students do log on to Facebook at least once during class time, moreover, the research exposed a possible disconnect between school board and students due to improper implementation of this policy. Facebook, however, can be a powerful communication tool that could serve as a professional resource for educators. ( Pilgrim and Bledsoe, 2011). Educators can respond to the use of technology in their classrooms in five ways: 1 1. Ban it: This has been deemed ineffective due to the fact that technology is becoming a part of our life that we constantly use. Typical workarounds are hiding devices behind books and texting from pockets. 2. Do business as usual: I disagree with this behaviour of educators as it is the educators responsibility to engage the students in their classrooms 3. Limit the use of Technology: a clear guideline indicating what is to be tolerated and what would be unacceptable. 4. Enhance traditional practice: Technology is dependent on users. 5. Use the technology to restructure the educational process: encourage students to use technology for inquiry, problem solving and/or instruction. If I was an instructor, my choice would be the fifth option, as it is the most effective and efficient according to the studies conducted by Pilgrim, Beldsoe, and Siegle, who all have concluded in their studies the importance of learning how to incorporate Facebook into the education process. The use of technology allows students to use social media websites like Facebook to engage in formal or informal discussions with their instructor as well as their fellow students. There are many ways educators and students can connect using Facebook. For instance, the teacher can post comments for the students, students can post their final work for their peers to review and provide feedback, and also students can use the wall feature to ask questions and respond to each other. In addition, I would set up a central page where all classroom mates can join to participate at any time of their choice to exchange knowledge and understanding of the subject being studied. Using social media should be, however, accompanied by some important precautions which educators should adhere to when using Facebook as a tool for educating students:2 1. Teachers should consider setting up a separate Facebook account 2. Educators should obtain signed parental consent prior to interacting with young students on Facebook. 3. Teachers should refrain from installing any applications on their page that would negatively affect their professional image. 4. Educators should remind students that they need to transfer the respectful tone teachers expect in class to their online interactions with them and ensure that students are aware that a teachers ethical responsibility will continue online. According to some studies (Seigle 2011), educators who relied on Facebook to follow professional organizations were more knowledgeable than those who did not (Pilgrim and Bledsoe 2011). We live in an age in which we are fully dependent on instant updates and information, the rationale behind using Facebook as a tool for professional learning adopts the idea that the internet is this generations defining technology for literacy (Pilgrim and Bledsoe 2011). Facebook is indeed an important source of information for educators who seek to continue their learning. According to a study conducted on university instructors in Turkey, all instructors who participated in the survey somehow use Facebook in their courses; even the instructor with the lowest frequency had used Facebook to make announcements about the course by creating a group. The study concludes that instructors have adopted Facebook and they are using it intensively, with a greater tendency toward its use for educational purpose s. According to my cited sources, the studies recognized Facebook as a reliable source for academicians because it is flexible and user friendly, in addition, the sources emphasized on the role of Facebook as a medium between students and instructors and argued that Facebook can neither be solely dependable for conducting courses nor can it be ignored. After I have explored the usage of Facebook by educators as well as students and identified the benefits and challenges of such usage by each party, I can assert that Facebook is a dependable, reliable, and popular medium through which both educators and students can interact appropriately. In order for this medium of communication to work in its most effective and efficient way, students need to be trustful and self-regulated, that is, to refrain from the over- use of Facebook and eventually the addiction to it leading to damage to their potential academic achievement. In conclusion, Educators and students use Facebook; the education process should be focused on the interaction of each party with the other and not the technology itself. Facebook opens new doors to students and allows their knowledge to grow. Facebook also allows them to learn about themselves from their peers. It is my belief that social networks like Facebook will continue to evolve and optimize the education channels in the context of human communication. Educators should consider Facebook as a mean of enhanced communication that provides traceability to what has been discussed and a source of feedback and/or evaluation on whether the discussion has fulfilled what it is mandated for or not.

Under Age Drinking : The Problems It Creates :: Teenage Drinking

Under Age Drinking : The Problems It Creates   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It's a Saturday night, and the bars are packed. People are inside having a few, or more than a few, drinks. A select few are really drunk or passed out. Now lets step outside and take a look at a different type of drinking, drinking at an early age. High school and junior high kids are at a party drinking. Like the adults, some are just having a few, but quite a few are having more than that and are stumbling around.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These kids have been given the idea that drinking is something that adults do, and we all know that kids can't wait to be grown up. Thus, they drink, figuring that if they can at least do what adults do then they will be grown up, in a way. This is how our society works. Enough with the philosophy of it. Now I would like to talk about the effects that early age drinking can have on a person. I grew up in a town that has the most bars per capata in the state of Montana and is in the top ten in the United States. This has a huge effect on under age drinkers. The bars card at the door and as long as your 18 your in. And since the bouncers will stamp nearly anyone they know or like the number of kids is always high. It dosn't help that Dillon is a college town and ther are many under age college kids there. Now lets imagine another party where kids are drinking. The bonfire is roaring, Bubba just decided that singeing everyone's eyebrows off by throwing some gasoline on the fire would be fun. Of course nobody thought that this was very funny except for Bubba. Bubba is not the only teenage person at this party who has had a few to many. There are a lot of under age kids who are just plain drunk. This is a regular kind of party in my hometown, everyone goes out and drinks to get drunk. The sad thing is, that these kind of parties happen a lot of time twice a week expecially during the spring. All this partying catches up with these young peolpe. They don't get jobs because they are too tired from partying all night or all weekend long. Thier grades start slipping. The worst effect, however has to be the addiction to alcohol. I've seen freshman who drink all the time because they feel they can't live without their alcohol. Of course you have to realize that this is a